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|Url=https://indianriverlagoonnews.org/guide/index.php/IRLNews:2021-03-01/NASA_Causeway_Bridges_and_Beyond
|Url=https://indianriverlagoonnews.org/guide/index.php/IRLNews:2021-03-01/NASA_Causeway_Bridges_and_Beyond
|Image=Nasa Causeway Bridge SR405 2021 01.jpg
|Image=Nasa Causeway Bridge SR405 2021 01.jpg
|Description=NASA passes ownership of the SR405 Indian River Causeway and 17 adjoining acres to the Florida Department of Transportation along with a decades old categorical exclusion that exempts FDOT's SR405 bridge replacement project from an environmental review.
|Description=NASA passes ownership of the SR405 Indian River Causeway to the Florida Department of Transportation along with a decades old categorical exclusion that exempts the bridge replacement from environmental review.
|Access_Date=2021-03-01
|Access_Date=2021-03-01
|Location=Titusville
|Location=Titusville
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|Water_Body=Estuary
|Water_Body=Estuary
|Type=Opinion-Editorial
|Type=Opinion-Editorial
|Sub_Title=What does KSC's Future hold for the Indian River Lagoon?
|Author_Last=IRLNews
|Text_Body=The 1960's NASA causeways across the Indian and Banana River lagoons were constructed during a fast and furious space race that completely disregarded the environment in the name of national security.
|Publisher=Indian River Lagoon News
|Published_Date=2021-03-01
|Sub_Title=What does KSC's future hold for the Indian River Lagoon?
|Text_Body=The 1960's NASA causeways across the Indian and Banana River lagoons were constructed during a furious Cold War space race that completely disregarded the environment in the name of national security.


It wasn’t until 1970 that the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) was passed to regulate the environmental impact of Federal Agencies. NEPA requires federal organizations to adhere to a preset environmental review process for their activities.
It wasn’t until 1970 that the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) was passed to regulate the environmental impact of Federal Agencies. NEPA requires federal organizations to adhere to a defined environmental review of their activities.<ref>[https://www.nasa.gov/green/nepa/process.html NASA and the National Environmental Policy Act], retrieved 2021-02-28</ref>


There are 4 levels to a NEPA review, the first is Categorical Exclusion (CATEX), which allows federal agencies to list any activities that should be excluded from environmental review. Understandably, NASA Categorically Excluded most all of its activities in the name of national security.
There are 4 levels to a NEPA review, the first is Categorical Exclusion (CATEX), which allows a federal agency to list any activities that should be excluded from environmental review.<ref>[https://environmental.ksc.nasa.gov/environmentalplanning/nepa KSC NEPA], retrieved 2021-02-28</ref> NASA has Categorically Excluded many activities and assets in the name of national security.<ref>[https://www.nasa.gov/green/nepa/catex.html NASA Categorical Exclusions], retrieved 2021-02-28</ref>


==SR405 Indian River Bridge Rebuild==
==SR405 Indian River Bridge Rebuild==
[[File:Florida State Road 405.png|128px|frameless|right|SR405]]
[[File:Florida State Road 405.png|128px|frameless|right|SR405]]


A recent project to rebuild the 1964 Indian River Bridge avoided a NEPA environmental review when NASA Categorically Excluded the project, and then named the Federal Highway and Waterway Administration (FHWA) a co-agency on the project. As a federal co-agency the FHWA inherited the project’s Categorical Exclusion from NASA.
NASA is the Indian River Lagoon National Estuary's largest shareholder, and their mission statement includes promises of environmental stewardship, yet they continue to perpetuate outdated causeways that have constricted water flow in the Indian River and Banana River lagoon for decades.


In 2018? NASA signed over ownership of the SR405 Indian River bridge, causeway, and 17 acres of adjacent land to the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT). A convenient FHWA - FDOT Agreement from 2016 allowed FHWA to transfer the rebuild projects Categorical Exclusions to FDOT.
<span style="text-decoration: line-through;">NASA's project to rebuild the 1964 Indian River Bridge avoided a NEPA environmental review when NASA Categorically Excluded the project, and then named the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) as a co-agency on the project. As a federal co-agency the FHWA inherited the bridge project’s Categorical Exclusions from NASA.</span>


And so, FDOT now owns the causeway and it’s future bridge rebuild project is exempt from environmental review.  A 57 year old earthen berm causeway; hurriedly constructed during the Cold War; built years before environmental regulations were enacted; will continue to constrict 80% of the Indian River lagoon at Addison Point.
<span style="text-decoration: line-through;">In 2017, NASA signed over ownership of the SR405 Indian River Causeway to the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT)<ref name=NASAGSASR405TAR>[https://disposal.gsa.gov/servlet/servlet.FileDownload?file=00Pt0000003L7XtEAK KSC Targeted Asset Review 2017-07-14 (PDF 18pp 685KB)], retrieved on 2021-02-28</ref> . A convenient 2016 FHWA - FDOT Agreement allowed FHWA to easily transfer the rebuild project's Categorical Exclusions to FDOT.<ref name=FDOTMOU2016>[https://www.fdot.gov/docs/default-source/info/co/news/newsreleases/121416-FDOT-FHWA-Environmental-Agreement-Will-Save-Time-and-Money.pdf FDOT - FHWA NEPA Agreement 2016-12-14 (PDF 1p 150KB)], retrieved on 2021-02-28.</ref></span>


The SR405 bridge rebuild is just an indication of what is ahead.
<span style="text-decoration: line-through;">And so, FDOT now owns the SR405 Indian River Causeway, and the state's rebuild project is exempt from environmental review.</span>  <small>(Recanted on 5/27/2021)</small>
 
<small>(05/27/2021 Edit)</small>
===Timeline===
*2015 NASA-KSC begins planning SR405 Indian River Causeway rebuild project.
 
*2016 Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) signs a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) giving Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) the ability to perform NEPA environmental assessments on FHWA projects in Florida.<ref name=FDOTMOU2016 />
 
*2016 NASA names FHWA as a federal co-agency on the project.
 
*2017 NASA GSA Targeted Asset Review recommends passing SR405 Indian River Causeway ownership to the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT)<ref name=NASAGSASR405TAR /> The bridge now falls under NASA's list of categorical exclusions as a targeted real property asset.<ref>[https://www.nasa.gov/green/nepa/catex.html NASA Real Property Categorical Exclusions],Quote="
<ol style="list-style-type: lower-roman;"><b>Real and Personal Property Activities</b>
<li>Acquisition, transfer, or disposal of any personal property, or personal property rights or interests.
</li><li>Granting or acceptance of easements, leases, licenses, rights-of-entry, and permits to use NASA-controlled property or any other real property for activities which, if conducted by NASA, would be categorically excluded in accordance with this section. This assumes NASA has included any terms and conditions necessary to ensure protection of the environment and any required notices in the transfer documentation, as applicable.
</li><li>Transfer or disposal of real property or real property rights or interests if the change in use is one which, if conducted by NASA, would be categorically excluded in accordance with this section.
</li><li>Transfer of real property administrative control to another Federal agency, including the return of public domain lands to the Department of the Interior (DOI) or other Federal agencies, and reporting of property as excess and surplus to the General Services Administration (GSA) for disposal.
</li><li>Acquisition of real property (including facilities) where the land use will not change substantially."
</li></ol>, retrieved 2021-02-28</ref>
 
*2018 FDOT and USCG serve public notice and hold public hearings presenting the Project's Development and Environmental (PD&E) Study, and completed construction plans.<ref>[https://spacecoasttpo.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/NASA-Cswy-Flyer-FINAL-12-6-18.pdf NASA Causeway Bridge Project Development and Environment (PD&E) Study Flyer 2018-12-06 (PDF 2pp 1.78MB) ], retrieved 2021-05-27.</ref>
 
*2020 FDOT Office of Environmental Management gives the project a NEPA Type 2 Categorical Exclusion.
*2021 FDOT owns NASA's SR405 Indian River Causeway, has categorically excluded the project from an environmental impact study (EIS), and plans to begin construction in the fall of 2021.
<small>(End Edit)</small>
 
A 57 year old earthen berm causeway; hurriedly constructed during the Cold War; built years before environmental regulations were enacted; will continue to constrict over 80% of the Indian River lagoon at Addison Point.<ref>[https://indianriverlagoonnews.org/guide/index.php/Info:NASA_Causeway_Indian_River Info:NASA Causeway Indian River]</ref>
 
Unfortunately, the Indian River Bridge project's lack of a thorough environmental impact study is just an indication of what is ahead for the national estuary as environmental stewardship transitions from [https://environmental.ksc.nasa.gov/ KSC Environmental Branch] professionals to state run agencies.


==And Beyond==
==And Beyond==
For decades, we have trusted NASA to be a good environmental steward for the largest stretch of undeveloped land on Florida’s East Coast. NASA’s mission statement includes promises of environmental stewardship, yet they perpetuate 1960’s construction methods that have drastically affected all three lagoons in the estuary.
[[File:NASA_KSC_Suitability_map_web.jpg|480px|thumb|right|KSC Property Suitability]]
NASA is quickly working to divest it’s non-mission critical facilities and vacant land at Kennedy Space Center (KSC).
 
The 2017 KSC Master Plan displays a map showing over 8,000 acres of "developable" property available for commercial development, including areas deep in the heart of a National Wildlife Refuge and a National Seashore.<ref>[https://masterplan.ksc.nasa.gov/-/media/Master%20Plan/PDF-Word-Doc/NASA-KSC-Executive-Summary-2017.ashx KSC Master Plan 2017 (PDF 10pp 16.12MB)], retrieved 2021-02-28.</ref>
 
Kennedy Space Center is the reason these wilderness areas exist in the first place. KSC set aside a large land parcel as a buffer zone, and they gave it to the to the National Park Service (NPS), and Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), to manage as Canaveral National Seashore (CANA) and Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (MINWR).
 
Now, NASA is offering up the land it set aside as public wilderness areas for commercial development. [https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Merritt_Island/Proposed_Shiloh_Launch_Complex.html.aspx Fish and Wildlife Service: Proposed Shiloh Launch Complex in Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge]
 
For decades, we have trusted NASA to be good environmental stewards for the largest stretch of undeveloped land on Florida’s East Coast, yet it appears that the MINWR and CANA wilderness areas are in grave jeopardy.<ref>[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TMXrTVViIeBulfB6zjHTsS9ihQRtSdf- Shiloh-FWS Environmental Statement Letter 2014-01-03], retrieved on 2021-02-28</ref>
 
We stand to lose a National Wildlife Refuge, a National Seashore, and numerous archeological sites if NASA's plans for Kennedy Space Center are successful.
 
 
==A National Space Center Becomes A State Run Space Port==
The 2017 KSC Master Plan outlines NASA’s intention to transition day to day operation of the launch center to Space Florida, in what is to become Cape Canaveral Spaceport.
 
Cape Canaveral Spaceport's 2017 Master Plan<ref>[https://www.spaceflorida.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/sf-bod-approved-ccs-master-plan-02-01-17.pdf Cape Canaveral Spaceport's 2017 Master Plan], retrieved 2021-02-28.</ref> makes no mention of the environment; their mission is to provide public launch facilities for the commercial space industry's tourists and freight.
 
In the future, Space Florida's spaceport, and it’s many commercial tenants, will be individually responsible for their parcel of Kennedy Space Center's environment.
 
 
 
* ''Should a 2021 state run commercial spaceport inherit the same environmental exclusions that NASA's KSC received during the 1960's Cold War?''
 
 
* ''Should our National wilderness areas be parceled out for commercial space development?''
 


[[File:NASA_KSC_Suitability_map_web.jpg|640px|thumb|right|KSC Property Suitability]]
* ''Can commercial space organizations be good environmental stewards for our National Wildlife Refuge, National Seashore, and the lagoons of the Indian River Lagoon National Estuary?''


NASA is quickly working to divest it’s non-mission critical facilities and vacant property at Kennedy Space Center (KSC). The [https://masterplan.ksc.nasa.gov/ 2017 KSC Master Plan] outlines NASA’s intention to transition day to day operations of the launch center to [https://www.spaceflorida.gov/ SpaceFlorida] and other commercial interests, in what is to become [https://www.spaceflorida.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/sf-bod-approved-ccs-master-plan-02-01-17.pdf Cape Canaveral Space Port].


The state sponsored space port’s mission is to provide launch facilities for space tourism and commercial ventures. Should a commercial space port inherit the same environmental exclusions that we provided Cold War NASA?
'''''To be continued...'''''


The KSC Master Plan displays a map showing 8,000 acres of suitable vacant property available for development, including areas north of Haulover Canal in the heart of Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (MINWR) and Canaveral National Seashore (CANA). NASA is taking back the land it preserved in order to commercialize it. It appears that the primitive wilderness areas of MINWR and CANA are in jeopardy of development.
<!--
==Video==
<div>
"...capably service both government and commercial users and their ambitious new missions while inspiring engaging and nurturing our future workforce and the space explorers of tomorrow '''''and all the while protecting a beautiful patch of our home planet as stirring as the heavens we explore.'''''"


Soon Cape Canaveral Space Port and it’s many different commercial entities will be individually responsible for complying with state and federal environmental regulations. Can we trust commercial organizations to be good environmental stewards for the IRL national estuary?
Bob Cabana, Director, Kennedy Space Center


==Web Links==
{{#evl:K1XQPdLSe2c|Kennedy Space Center Master Plan|1|player=youtube}}


* [https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Merritt_Island/Proposed_Shiloh_Launch_Complex.html.aspx SpaceFlorida Proposed Shiloh Launch Complex FWS MINWR]
<evlplayer w="340" h="220" id="youtube"><div style="width:340px;">https://img.youtube.com/vi/K1XQPdLSe2c/0.jpg</div></evlplayer>
</div>
-->
==See Also==
* [[Info:NASA Causeway Indian River]]


==Web Links==
* [https://www.floridatoday.com/story/news/2019/09/13/removing-beachline-earthen-causeways-would-improve-banana-river-water-quality/2284290001/ Florida Today - Removing Earthen berm causeways would improve Banana River water quality]
* [https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Merritt_Island/Proposed_Shiloh_Launch_Complex.html.aspx FWS:MINWR - SpaceFlorida's Proposed Shiloh Launch Complex in Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge]
* [https://amp.floridatoday.com/amp/3559508001 Blue Origin to fill wetlands for Rocket Test Site]
* [https://defenders.org/newsroom/environmental-organizations-spotlight-inadequate-oversight-faa-of-spacexs-boca-chica Environmental organizations spotlight inadequate oversight by FAA of SpaceX’s Boca Chica testing facility, call for an EIS]
* [https://defenders.org/newsroom/environmental-organizations-spotlight-inadequate-oversight-faa-of-spacexs-boca-chica Environmental organizations spotlight inadequate oversight by FAA of SpaceX’s Boca Chica testing facility, call for an EIS]
* [https://masterplan.ksc.nasa.gov/ Kennedy Space Center Master Plan]
* [https://www.spaceflorida.gov/ Space Florida]
* [https://www.spaceflorida.gov/spaceport-development/ Cape Canaveral Spaceport]


==Documents==
==Documents==
* [https://masterplan.ksc.nasa.gov/-/media/Master%20Plan/PDF-Word-Doc/NASA-KSC-Executive-Summary-2017.ashx 2017 KSC Master Plan (PDF 10pp 16.12MB)]
* [https://masterplan.ksc.nasa.gov/-/media/Master%20Plan/PDF-Word-Doc/NASA-KSC-Executive-Summary-2017.ashx 2017 KSC Master Plan (PDF 10pp 16.12MB)]
* [https://www.spaceflorida.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/sf-bod-approved-ccs-master-plan-02-01-17.pdf 2017 Cape Canaveral Spaceport Master Plan (PDF 68pp 20,86MB)]
* [https://www.nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/pdf/634026main_future-concept.pdf 2012-2031 KSC Future Development Concept (PDF 44pp 3.78MB)]
* [https://spacecoasttpo.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/NASA-Cswy-Flyer-FINAL-12-6-18.pdf 2018-12-06 NASA Causeway Bridge Project Development and Environment (PD&E) Study Flyer (PDF 2pp 1.78MB) ]
* [https://www.spaceflorida.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/sf-bod-approved-ccs-master-plan-02-01-17.pdf 2017 Cape Canaveral Spaceport Master Plan (PDF 68pp 20.86MB)]
* [https://nbbd.com/events/cityimages/191017-nasa-causway-bridge-hearing.pdf 2019-10-17 FDOT NASA Causeway Bridge Public Meeting Notice (PDF 2pp 108KB)]
* [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TMXrTVViIeBulfB6zjHTsS9ihQRtSdf- Shiloh-FWS Environmental Statement Letter 2014-01-03 (PDF 35pp 1.6MB)]
* [https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/bridges/publicNotices//D07PN05-20_NasaCausewayBridge_AtlanticIntercoastalWaterway.pdf USCG NASA Indian River Bridge Public Notice and Bridge Plans (PDF 19pp 12.5MB]
* [https://www.fws.gov/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=2147572367 MINWR The Shiloh Area and Proposed Launch Site (PDF 1p 197KB)]
* [https://www.fws.gov/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=2147572367 MINWR The Shiloh Area and Proposed Launch Site (PDF 1p 197KB)]
* [https://www.fdot.gov/docs/default-source/info/co/news/newsreleases/121416-FDOT-FHWA-Environmental-Agreement-Will-Save-Time-and-Money.pdf FDOT - FHWA NEPA Agreement 2016-12-14 (PDF 1p 150KB)]
* [https://disposal.gsa.gov/servlet/servlet.FileDownload?file=00Pt0000003L7XtEAK GSA KSC Indian River Bridge Targeted Asset Review 2017-07-14 (PDF 18pp 685KB)]
* [https://spacecoasttpo.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/NASA-Cswy-Flyer-FINAL-12-6-18.pdf NASA Causeway Bridge Project Development and Environment (PD&E) Study Flyer 2018-12-06 (PDF 2pp 1.78MB) ]
* [https://nbbd.com/events/cityimages/191017-nasa-causway-bridge-hearing.pdf FDOT NASA Causeway Bridge Public Meeting Notice 2019-10-17 (PDF 2pp 108KB)]
* [https://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pdf/bridges/publicNotices//D07PN05-20_NasaCausewayBridge_AtlanticIntercoastalWaterway.pdf USCG NASA Indian River Bridge Public Notice and Bridge Plans 2020-06-16 (PDF 19pp 12.5MB]
* [https://static.tti.tamu.edu/conferences/tsc20/presentations/consultant-mgmt/kirwan-bove-mcgehee.pdf NASA Causeway Bridge Replacement Project Development and Final Design FDOT - Volkert 2020-10-14 (PDF 29pp 9.34MB)]
==References==
<references />
|Topic=Brevard County Locale
|Topic=Brevard County Locale
|Poster=Admin
|Poster=Admin
|Posted=20210228165959
|Posted=20210228165959
}}
}}

Latest revision as of 18:28, January 15, 2022

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Indian River Lagoon News
Indian River Lagoon News
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NASA passes ownership of the SR405 Indian River Causeway to the Florida Department of Transportation along with a decades old categorical exclusion that exempts the bridge replacement from environmental review.
Indian River Lagoon News
NASA Causeway Bridges and Beyond
IRLNews, Author
March 1, 2021
Opinion-Editorial
Titusville - The 1960's NASA causeways across the Indian and Banana River lagoons were constructed during a furious Cold War space race that completely disregarded the environment in the name of national security.

It wasn’t until 1970 that the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) was passed to regulate the environmental impact of Federal Agencies. NEPA requires federal organizations to adhere to a defined environmental review of their activities.[1]

There are 4 levels to a NEPA review, the first is Categorical Exclusion (CATEX), which allows a federal agency to list any activities that should be excluded from environmental review.[2] NASA has Categorically Excluded many activities and assets in the name of national security.[3]

SR405 Indian River Bridge Rebuild

SR405

NASA is the Indian River Lagoon National Estuary's largest shareholder, and their mission statement includes promises of environmental stewardship, yet they continue to perpetuate outdated causeways that have constricted water flow in the Indian River and Banana River lagoon for decades.

NASA's project to rebuild the 1964 Indian River Bridge avoided a NEPA environmental review when NASA Categorically Excluded the project, and then named the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) as a co-agency on the project. As a federal co-agency the FHWA inherited the bridge project’s Categorical Exclusions from NASA.

In 2017, NASA signed over ownership of the SR405 Indian River Causeway to the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT)[4] . A convenient 2016 FHWA - FDOT Agreement allowed FHWA to easily transfer the rebuild project's Categorical Exclusions to FDOT.[5]

And so, FDOT now owns the SR405 Indian River Causeway, and the state's rebuild project is exempt from environmental review. (Recanted on 5/27/2021)

(05/27/2021 Edit)

Timeline

  • 2015 NASA-KSC begins planning SR405 Indian River Causeway rebuild project.
  • 2016 Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) signs a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) giving Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) the ability to perform NEPA environmental assessments on FHWA projects in Florida.[5]
  • 2016 NASA names FHWA as a federal co-agency on the project.
  • 2017 NASA GSA Targeted Asset Review recommends passing SR405 Indian River Causeway ownership to the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT)[4] The bridge now falls under NASA's list of categorical exclusions as a targeted real property asset.[6]
  • 2018 FDOT and USCG serve public notice and hold public hearings presenting the Project's Development and Environmental (PD&E) Study, and completed construction plans.[7]
  • 2020 FDOT Office of Environmental Management gives the project a NEPA Type 2 Categorical Exclusion.
  • 2021 FDOT owns NASA's SR405 Indian River Causeway, has categorically excluded the project from an environmental impact study (EIS), and plans to begin construction in the fall of 2021.

(End Edit)

A 57 year old earthen berm causeway; hurriedly constructed during the Cold War; built years before environmental regulations were enacted; will continue to constrict over 80% of the Indian River lagoon at Addison Point.[8]

Unfortunately, the Indian River Bridge project's lack of a thorough environmental impact study is just an indication of what is ahead for the national estuary as environmental stewardship transitions from KSC Environmental Branch professionals to state run agencies.

And Beyond

KSC Property Suitability

NASA is quickly working to divest it’s non-mission critical facilities and vacant land at Kennedy Space Center (KSC).

The 2017 KSC Master Plan displays a map showing over 8,000 acres of "developable" property available for commercial development, including areas deep in the heart of a National Wildlife Refuge and a National Seashore.[9]

Kennedy Space Center is the reason these wilderness areas exist in the first place. KSC set aside a large land parcel as a buffer zone, and they gave it to the to the National Park Service (NPS), and Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), to manage as Canaveral National Seashore (CANA) and Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (MINWR).

Now, NASA is offering up the land it set aside as public wilderness areas for commercial development. Fish and Wildlife Service: Proposed Shiloh Launch Complex in Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge

For decades, we have trusted NASA to be good environmental stewards for the largest stretch of undeveloped land on Florida’s East Coast, yet it appears that the MINWR and CANA wilderness areas are in grave jeopardy.[10]

We stand to lose a National Wildlife Refuge, a National Seashore, and numerous archeological sites if NASA's plans for Kennedy Space Center are successful.


A National Space Center Becomes A State Run Space Port

The 2017 KSC Master Plan outlines NASA’s intention to transition day to day operation of the launch center to Space Florida, in what is to become Cape Canaveral Spaceport.

Cape Canaveral Spaceport's 2017 Master Plan[11] makes no mention of the environment; their mission is to provide public launch facilities for the commercial space industry's tourists and freight.

In the future, Space Florida's spaceport, and it’s many commercial tenants, will be individually responsible for their parcel of Kennedy Space Center's environment.


  • Should a 2021 state run commercial spaceport inherit the same environmental exclusions that NASA's KSC received during the 1960's Cold War?


  • Should our National wilderness areas be parceled out for commercial space development?


  • Can commercial space organizations be good environmental stewards for our National Wildlife Refuge, National Seashore, and the lagoons of the Indian River Lagoon National Estuary?


To be continued...

See Also

Web Links

Documents


References

  1. ↑ NASA and the National Environmental Policy Act, retrieved 2021-02-28
  2. ↑ KSC NEPA, retrieved 2021-02-28
  3. ↑ NASA Categorical Exclusions, retrieved 2021-02-28
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 KSC Targeted Asset Review 2017-07-14 (PDF 18pp 685KB), retrieved on 2021-02-28
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 FDOT - FHWA NEPA Agreement 2016-12-14 (PDF 1p 150KB), retrieved on 2021-02-28.
  6. ↑ NASA Real Property Categorical Exclusions,Quote="
      Real and Personal Property Activities
    1. Acquisition, transfer, or disposal of any personal property, or personal property rights or interests.
    2. Granting or acceptance of easements, leases, licenses, rights-of-entry, and permits to use NASA-controlled property or any other real property for activities which, if conducted by NASA, would be categorically excluded in accordance with this section. This assumes NASA has included any terms and conditions necessary to ensure protection of the environment and any required notices in the transfer documentation, as applicable.
    3. Transfer or disposal of real property or real property rights or interests if the change in use is one which, if conducted by NASA, would be categorically excluded in accordance with this section.
    4. Transfer of real property administrative control to another Federal agency, including the return of public domain lands to the Department of the Interior (DOI) or other Federal agencies, and reporting of property as excess and surplus to the General Services Administration (GSA) for disposal.
    5. Acquisition of real property (including facilities) where the land use will not change substantially."
    , retrieved 2021-02-28
  7. ↑ NASA Causeway Bridge Project Development and Environment (PD&E) Study Flyer 2018-12-06 (PDF 2pp 1.78MB) , retrieved 2021-05-27.
  8. ↑ Info:NASA Causeway Indian River
  9. ↑ KSC Master Plan 2017 (PDF 10pp 16.12MB), retrieved 2021-02-28.
  10. ↑ Shiloh-FWS Environmental Statement Letter 2014-01-03, retrieved on 2021-02-28
  11. ↑ Cape Canaveral Spaceport's 2017 Master Plan, retrieved 2021-02-28.
Location: Estuary: Titusville: Brevard County
Source: Opinion-Editorial. The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the guest authors and do not necessarily reflect the policy or position of Indian River Lagoon News or it's editors. Published by Indian River Lagoon News on March 01, 2021. Retrieved on March 01, 2021.
Topic: Brevard County Locale
Poster: AdminPosted: 02/28/2021
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